Analysis Of The Structure And Working Principle Of Smart Meters

The smart energy meter is the smart terminal of the smart grid. It is no longer an electric energy meter in the traditional sense. In addition to the basic power metering function of the traditional electric energy meter, the smart meter also has two-way multiple functions in order to adapt to the smart grid and the use of new energy. With intelligent functions such as tariff metering functions, user-side control functions, multiple data transmission modes, two-way data communication functions, and anti-theft functions, smart meters represent the future development direction of intelligent terminals for end users of energy-saving smart grids.

In traditional smart meters, the user pays a fee to charge the smart IC card and enters it into the meter. Then the meter can supply power. After the power in the meter is used up, it will automatically switch off and cut off the power. The new smart meter is currently perfect for online purchase of electricity, just like a mobile phone. Recharge is as easy as it is. Electronic smart meters are high-tech products developed in recent years on the basis of electronic meters. Its composition and working principle are quite different from traditional induction meters. The electronic smart meter is mainly composed of electronic components. Its working principle is to first sample the user's power supply voltage and current in real time, and then use a dedicated electric energy meter integrated circuit to process the sampled voltage and current signals and convert them into The pulse output proportional to the electric energy is finally processed and controlled by the single-chip microcomputer, and the pulse is displayed as the electric power consumption and output.

Smart watt hour meter uses shunt or current transformer to change current signal into small signal which can be used for electronic measurement, and uses voltage divider or voltage transformer to change voltage signal into small signal which can be used for electronic measurement, then uses special electric energy measurement chip to convert analog signal from voltage transformer and current transformer into digital signal, and carries out digital integration operation, Then, the pulse signal whose frequency is proportional to the electric energy is output. The pulse signal is sent to the microcomputer for processing and then displayed on the LCD.

Part composition:

1. The power module provides the working power for the electric energy meter.

2. The metering module samples the voltage and current and converts them into the digital data (electric energy pulse) output of the actual electric energy through the metering chip.

3. Display module, used to display the power and related data.

4. Communication module, used to communicate with the host, data transmission channel.

5. Security module to ensure the security of data transmission.

6. The clock module provides the real-time clock for the system as the basis of power freezing and rate switching.

7. The memory module is used to store the parameters, electric quantity and historical data of the electric energy meter.

8. Power on and power off module is used to control the user to stop power transmission.